A Finland student visa is a temporary short-term permit that is issued to an international student who wishes to stay and study in Finland for a maximum duration of 3 months or 90 days.
A Finland student residence permit, on the other hand, is a residence permit issued to an international student who wishes to stay and study in Finland for a duration longer than 3 months or 90 days. Generally, a student residence permit for Finland is granted for 1 year at a time.